中文摘要
中國近代政論文是在吸收古代論說文的基礎上產生出來的新文體，其對古代論說文既有繼承又有創新。在結構上繼承了緒論、本論、結論三段論的寫法，在篇幅上既繼承了短小精悍的特點，又出現了長篇巨制和大型成組的政論文；在語言上，既繼承了準確、概括、生動的特點，又邁出了從文言文向白話文轉變的第一步；在詞匯上，出現了大量的新名詞，雙音節詞逐漸增多。正因為近代政論文在語言和詞匯上對古代論說文的創新，所以最終出現了梁啟超的“新文體”.中國近代政論文是在時代原因，知識分子的文化使命以及報刊的出現與傳播方式的改變這三個重要因素的推動下產生和發展起來的。近代西學東漸特殊的輸入途徑和特殊的輸入方式，使得日本的文體對中國的文體產生了非常明顯的影響。表現在近代政論文上便是梁啟超的“新文體”受到日本政論文學家的影響，他們文中的思辯色彩和重視邏輯推理對梁啟超都有一定的影響，“新文體”“條理明晰”的特點顯然與此有關。近代知識分子對參與政治具有極大的熱情，所以他們會創作政論文來表達自己的政治見解。他們的身份在近代發生轉變，使得他們的政論文也發生了變化，從傳統士大夫的政論文轉變成為近代新型知識分子的政論文。近代知識分子是獨立的政治力量，具有強烈的社會責任和批判精神，敢于直陳時弊。為了適應文章的內容，政論文的形式必須有所改變，于是便產生了富于鼓動性，便于時用的“新文體”.因為報刊有傳播速度快、平民化、通俗化、都市化等特點，而且近代大部分的政論文都是發表在報刊上的，因此近代政論文為了適應報刊的這些特點，便產生了梁啟超的“新文體”.梁啟超的“新文體”語言明白曉暢，通俗易懂，而且還雜用俚語、俗語、外國語法和新名詞，為政論文文體的變革做出了巨大的貢獻。中國近代政論文是在龔自珍、王韜、梁啟超等人的創作和實踐中不斷發展和演變的，到了梁啟超手里變成了與古代論說文不一樣的“新文體”.龔自珍善于調動多種表現手法，運用生動、形象的語言，句式變化多端，語匯豐富多彩，又喜歡用排比、博喻等修辭手法，使得他的政論文具有汪洋恣肆、跌宕多姿、俶詭雄辯的美學風格。龔自珍政論文的出現，對桐城古文是一個很大的沖擊，也為近代政論文的革新和發展開辟了一條新路。作為中國近代第一個在報紙上發表政論文的作家，王韜創造了“報章體”,創造并使用了大量新名詞來表達新事物、新觀念，語言出現了通俗化、自由化的傾向，形成了獨特的政論文體。這一文體的出現對近代政論文的變革產生了積極的影響，為其后梁啟超“新文體”的最終形成做了前期準備工作。梁啟超繼承了龔自珍、王韜等的新體散文，同時又吸收了古文、駢文和八股文等舊體文言文可以用來表現新事物新思想的表現手法與文體格調，熔鑄而自成新體，形成了別具一格、便于時用的“新文體”.梁啟超的“新文體”影響了“五四”以后政論文的發展，又推動了我國書面語言由文言文向白話文的轉變。
關鍵詞：近代中國，政論文，發展脈絡，影響
Abstract
Modern Chinese essays is a new style created based on absorbing the ancient essays onancient, the essay has both inheritance and innovation. In the structure, the theory inherits theintroduction, conclusion of writing, in the space not only inherits the dapper characteristics, andthe emergence of a long piece and a large group of essays; in the language, not only inherits thecharacteristics of accurate, generalization, vivid, and the first step from the traditional literarylanguage to change vernacular; in the vocabulary, the emergence of a new term large, doublesyllable words and four syllable words gradually increased. Because of the political essays in thelanguage and vocabulary for the innovation of ancient argumentation, so eventually theemergence of a 'new style' of Liang Qichao. Modern Chinese political essays are in the age ofreason, the birth and development of intellectual culture and promote the appearance ofnewspaper and the change of the circulation way of these three important factors. Modernwestern special input method and input method, making the Japanese style had a significantimpact on Chinese style. In the modern political essay is Liang Qichao's 'new style' by theJapanese government paper, influence, the speculative color and emphasis on logical reasoninghas a certain impact on Liang Qichao, 'new style' clear characteristics obviously the relevant.
Modern intellectuals with great enthusiasm to participate in politics, so they will be writingpolitical essays to express their political views. Their identity in the modern transformation, sothat their political paper has also changed, the transition from traditional literati political paperbecame the new intellectuals political paper. Modern intellectuals is an independent politicalforce, has a strong sense of social responsibility and critical spirit, the courage to impose socialevils. In order to adapt to the content, the form of government must be changed, so theyproduced a motivational, 'new style' easy to use. Because newspapers has spread fast,popularization, popularization, urbanization and other characteristics, and most modern politicalessays are published in the press, so the modern political party in order to adapt thesecharacteristics of newspapers, the 'new style' of Liang Qichao. Liang Qichao's 'new style'
language to understand, easy to understand, but also use slang, proverb, foreign grammar andnew terms, and made great contributions to the politics paper literary style change. ModernChinese essays and development in the creation and practice of Gong Zizheng, Wang Tao, LiangQichao et al., to Liang Qichao hand into and ancient on the 'new style' is not the same as thelunshuowen. Gong Zizheng is good at mobilizing the various techniques of expression, use vivid,be the most changeful language, syntax, vocabulary rich and colorful, and like to use parallelism,rhetorical devices such as metaphor, makes his political paper has freely, and various, begin theeloquent aesthetic style. Gong Zizheng's political essays, prose of Tongcheng is a very bigimpact, but also opens up a new way of reform and development for modern political essays. AsChina's first modern political essays published in the newspaper writer, Wang Tao created the'newspaper', to create and use a lot of new words to express new things, new ideas, languagetends to be popularized, liberalization, forming a unique political comment style. This styleappears to have a positive influence on modern political paper change, do the preparatory workfor the eventual formation of the 'new style' of Liang Qichao. Liang Qichao inherited the newprose, Gong Zizheng Wang Tao, Jingshi group, technique of expression and style at the sametime and absorb the prose, prose and stereotyped writing and old style of classical Chinese canbe used for new things and new ideas, since the new casting body, formed a 'new style' have astyle of one's own, easy to use. Liang Qichao 'new style' of the 'five four' after the developmentof politics, and promote the transformation of the written language in our country by the classicalChinese writings in the vernacular.
Key words: Modern China Political essays Development processThe Influence
目 錄
中文摘要
Abstract
緒 論
一、選題的背景與意義
二、研究現狀
三、研究方法與研究思路
第一章 近代政論文的歷史淵源與新質的出現
第一節 近代政論文書寫的歷史文化資源
第二節 近代政論文的發展脈絡
第三節 近代政論文的新質
第二章 近代政論文產生新變的文化語境
第一節 時代原因
第二節 知識分子的文化使命
第三節 報刊的出現與傳播方式的轉變
第三章 風云際會中弄潮者的言聲
第一節 龔自珍“特立獨出”的政論
第二節 王韜的維新時論
第三節 梁啟超“筆鋒常帶感情”的“新文體”
余論：近代政論文的影響
參 考 文 獻
致 謝
中國近代政論文是在吸收古代論說文的基礎上產生出來的新文體，其對古代論說文既有繼承又有創新。在結構上繼承了緒論、本論、結論三段論的寫法，在篇幅上既繼承了短小精悍的特點，又出現了長篇巨制和大型成組的政論文；在語言上，既繼承了準確、概括、生動的特點，又邁出了從文言文向白話文轉變的第一步；在詞匯上，出現了大量的新名詞，雙音節詞逐漸增多。正因為近代政論文在語言和詞匯上對古代論說文的創新，所以最終出現了梁啟超的“新文體”.中國近代政論文是在時代原因，知識分子的文化使命以及報刊的出現與傳播方式的改變這三個重要因素的推動下產生和發展起來的。近代西學東漸特殊的輸入途徑和特殊的輸入方式，使得日本的文體對中國的文體產生了非常明顯的影響。表現在近代政論文上便是梁啟超的“新文體”受到日本政論文學家的影響，他們文中的思辯色彩和重視邏輯推理對梁啟超都有一定的影響，“新文體”“條理明晰”的特點顯然與此有關。近代知識分子對參與政治具有極大的熱情，所以他們會創作政論文來表達自己的政治見解。他們的身份在近代發生轉變，使得他們的政論文也發生了變化，從傳統士大夫的政論文轉變成為近代新型知識分子的政論文。近代知識分子是獨立的政治力量，具有強烈的社會責任和批判精神，敢于直陳時弊。為了適應文章的內容，政論文的形式必須有所改變，于是便產生了富于鼓動性，便于時用的“新文體”.因為報刊有傳播速度快、平民化、通俗化、都市化等特點，而且近代大部分的政論文都是發表在報刊上的，因此近代政論文為了適應報刊的這些特點，便產生了梁啟超的“新文體”.梁啟超的“新文體”語言明白曉暢，通俗易懂，而且還雜用俚語、俗語、外國語法和新名詞，為政論文文體的變革做出了巨大的貢獻。中國近代政論文是在龔自珍、王韜、梁啟超等人的創作和實踐中不斷發展和演變的，到了梁啟超手里變成了與古代論說文不一樣的“新文體”.龔自珍善于調動多種表現手法，運用生動、形象的語言，句式變化多端，語匯豐富多彩，又喜歡用排比、博喻等修辭手法，使得他的政論文具有汪洋恣肆、跌宕多姿、俶詭雄辯的美學風格。龔自珍政論文的出現，對桐城古文是一個很大的沖擊，也為近代政論文的革新和發展開辟了一條新路。作為中國近代第一個在報紙上發表政論文的作家，王韜創造了“報章體”,創造并使用了大量新名詞來表達新事物、新觀念，語言出現了通俗化、自由化的傾向，形成了獨特的政論文體。這一文體的出現對近代政論文的變革產生了積極的影響，為其后梁啟超“新文體”的最終形成做了前期準備工作。梁啟超繼承了龔自珍、王韜等的新體散文，同時又吸收了古文、駢文和八股文等舊體文言文可以用來表現新事物新思想的表現手法與文體格調，熔鑄而自成新體，形成了別具一格、便于時用的“新文體”.梁啟超的“新文體”影響了“五四”以后政論文的發展，又推動了我國書面語言由文言文向白話文的轉變。
關鍵詞：近代中國，政論文，發展脈絡，影響
Abstract
Modern Chinese essays is a new style created based on absorbing the ancient essays onancient, the essay has both inheritance and innovation. In the structure, the theory inherits theintroduction, conclusion of writing, in the space not only inherits the dapper characteristics, andthe emergence of a long piece and a large group of essays; in the language, not only inherits thecharacteristics of accurate, generalization, vivid, and the first step from the traditional literarylanguage to change vernacular; in the vocabulary, the emergence of a new term large, doublesyllable words and four syllable words gradually increased. Because of the political essays in thelanguage and vocabulary for the innovation of ancient argumentation, so eventually theemergence of a 'new style' of Liang Qichao. Modern Chinese political essays are in the age ofreason, the birth and development of intellectual culture and promote the appearance ofnewspaper and the change of the circulation way of these three important factors. Modernwestern special input method and input method, making the Japanese style had a significantimpact on Chinese style. In the modern political essay is Liang Qichao's 'new style' by theJapanese government paper, influence, the speculative color and emphasis on logical reasoninghas a certain impact on Liang Qichao, 'new style' clear characteristics obviously the relevant.
Modern intellectuals with great enthusiasm to participate in politics, so they will be writingpolitical essays to express their political views. Their identity in the modern transformation, sothat their political paper has also changed, the transition from traditional literati political paperbecame the new intellectuals political paper. Modern intellectuals is an independent politicalforce, has a strong sense of social responsibility and critical spirit, the courage to impose socialevils. In order to adapt to the content, the form of government must be changed, so theyproduced a motivational, 'new style' easy to use. Because newspapers has spread fast,popularization, popularization, urbanization and other characteristics, and most modern politicalessays are published in the press, so the modern political party in order to adapt thesecharacteristics of newspapers, the 'new style' of Liang Qichao. Liang Qichao's 'new style'
language to understand, easy to understand, but also use slang, proverb, foreign grammar andnew terms, and made great contributions to the politics paper literary style change. ModernChinese essays and development in the creation and practice of Gong Zizheng, Wang Tao, LiangQichao et al., to Liang Qichao hand into and ancient on the 'new style' is not the same as thelunshuowen. Gong Zizheng is good at mobilizing the various techniques of expression, use vivid,be the most changeful language, syntax, vocabulary rich and colorful, and like to use parallelism,rhetorical devices such as metaphor, makes his political paper has freely, and various, begin theeloquent aesthetic style. Gong Zizheng's political essays, prose of Tongcheng is a very bigimpact, but also opens up a new way of reform and development for modern political essays. AsChina's first modern political essays published in the newspaper writer, Wang Tao created the'newspaper', to create and use a lot of new words to express new things, new ideas, languagetends to be popularized, liberalization, forming a unique political comment style. This styleappears to have a positive influence on modern political paper change, do the preparatory workfor the eventual formation of the 'new style' of Liang Qichao. Liang Qichao inherited the newprose, Gong Zizheng Wang Tao, Jingshi group, technique of expression and style at the sametime and absorb the prose, prose and stereotyped writing and old style of classical Chinese canbe used for new things and new ideas, since the new casting body, formed a 'new style' have astyle of one's own, easy to use. Liang Qichao 'new style' of the 'five four' after the developmentof politics, and promote the transformation of the written language in our country by the classicalChinese writings in the vernacular.
Key words: Modern China Political essays Development processThe Influence
目 錄
中文摘要
Abstract
緒 論
一、選題的背景與意義
二、研究現狀
三、研究方法與研究思路
第一章 近代政論文的歷史淵源與新質的出現
第一節 近代政論文書寫的歷史文化資源
第二節 近代政論文的發展脈絡
第三節 近代政論文的新質
第二章 近代政論文產生新變的文化語境
第一節 時代原因
第二節 知識分子的文化使命
第三節 報刊的出現與傳播方式的轉變
第三章 風云際會中弄潮者的言聲
第一節 龔自珍“特立獨出”的政論
第二節 王韜的維新時論
第三節 梁啟超“筆鋒常帶感情”的“新文體”
余論：近代政論文的影響
參 考 文 獻
致 謝
